Polio Drug: Experimental Antiviral to Treat Polio Infections Under Study
Introduction Polio, caused by the poliovirus, once paralyzed or killed hundreds of thousands globally. Thanks to mass vaccination, polio cases have fallen dramatically. Yet sporadic outbreaks persist, often in regions with incomplete immunization. While effective vaccines exist, no approved antiviral...
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The Microbiome and Autism: Fecal Transplants Being Tested for Autism Symptoms
Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors. While it has a strong genetic component, scientists increasingly recognize that environmental factors—like the gut microbiome—may shape how ASD develops...
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Ketamine for Depression: What New Research Tells Us About Safety and Efficacy
Introduction Though traditionally an anesthetic, ketamine has proven to be a surprising ally against stubborn depression. New findings show rapid mood improvements in some patients where standard antidepressants falter. Yet questions remain regarding its optimal usage, potential side effects, and...
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New Breast Cancer Drug for Early Cancer: Reducing Recurrence in Trials
Introduction For women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer, standard treatments—such as surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy—aim to eradicate tumors and prevent spread. Yet, despite these measures, a subset of patients still face recurrence, which can be life-altering or life-threatening....
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HIV Preventive Injections: Long-Acting PrEP Changing HIV Prevention
Introduction Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has revolutionized HIV prevention by allowing HIV-negative individuals to protect themselves daily with antiretroviral medication. Yet, daily pills can be cumbersome or stigmatizing for some, and inconsistent adherence undermines efficacy. Enter long-acting PrEP injections, a fresh...
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HIV Cure Case: Another Patient in Remission After Stem Cell Transplant
Introduction For decades, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) was considered incurable, with antiretroviral therapies (ART) keeping the virus at bay but never fully eradicating it. A handful of rare “cure cases” have emerged involving stem cell transplants from donors with unique...
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CRISPR Gene Therapy Approved: A Breakthrough Cure for Sickle Cell Disease
Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects the shape and function of red blood cells. It arises from a mutation in the beta-globin gene, which disrupts normal hemoglobin production. This mutation turns flexible, disk-like red blood...
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Hypervolemia
What is Hypervolemia/ Fluid overload? When the blood vessels in our body carry abnormally high volume of blood, the condition is called hypervolemia (1). In fact, the fluid portion of the blood is higher in this state. Further in this...
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Odynophagia
What is Odynophagia ? Origin of the word ‘Odynophagia’ is from Greek (1). Odyno- Pain (1) Phagia- (phagein)- to eat. (1) So the word meaning can be considered as ‘Pain to eat’ or pain while eating. Definition of Odynophagia Painful...
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Sepsis and Septicemia
What is Sepsis and Septicemia? Definitions: Septicemia in simple terms can be said as infection in blood. This is the reason why it has been used with interchangeable terms such as ‘Blood Poisoning’, ‘Bacteremia’ and ‘Sepsis’. The infection in blood...
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